Juglans regia

The Walnut (Juglans regia) is a deciduous broadleaf from the family of the walnut family (Juglandaceae). It is usually shortened in everyday speech as a walnut or walnut tree known in Switzerland as a walnut. The term sometimes used Persian walnut is the English term "Persian Walnut" ajar. In Russian, it is referred to as the "Greek nut". The tree is due to the economic use of its fruits, walnuts, well known.

The walnut tree is 15-25 meters, in dense stands of trees and up to 30 meters high. His height growth ends at about 60 to 80 years, he can reach an age of 150-160 years. The tree is a deep-rooted post-heart root system was free and in a broad crown. Its bark is smooth and ashy gray in their youth, old age is developing a tiefrissige, dark to dark gray bark. The alternate leaves are pinnate with five to nine (usually seven) leaflets and reach a length of up to 30 centimeters. The dark green leaflets themselves are 6-12 cm long and 2-6 inches wide on opposite sides and stern. Their shape is elliptic to eilänglich, they are almost entire and glabrous up to the armpit beards. In spring, the walnut turned green as the last deciduous tree, still under the oak in the autumn it throws off early. The leaves give off an aromatic scent when rubbed.

The Walnut is rounded (not flattened), on a plant so there are female and male flowers. The male flowers are too many in an inflorescence, which has the shape of a kitten hanging. The female flowers are in wenigblütigen buds. The flowering takes place from April to June, with the male flowers usually appear four weeks earlier (Proterandrie). Pollination is by wind (Anemophily).

The kernels of the fruit, indicating its maturity by becoming brown and cracked skin, are known as walnuts and widely commercially available. Traditionally, the fruits of the Juglandaceae were in botany as stone fruits. Recent studies show that they are among the nut fruits. Contrary to earlier opinions seems green, not part of the pericarp nussumgebende envelope to be, but it is made from leaf organs. The nut itself varies greatly in shape and size. They can be round, oval, cylindrical, ovate or his beak, is 2.5 to 8 cm long and 2.5 to 5 centimeters wide. The shell thickness is 1.8 to 2.2 millimeters.

The real walnut is often used as an example to explain allelopathy. In the green bodies a glucoside is formed, which is converted after release to juglone. This germ has on numerous plant species and growth inhibitors.

Source: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echte_Walnuss
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